Michelly Cristina da Silva
Abstract:
In order to evaluate the quality and quantity of tree species planted in the cities of MS: Cassilândia (CA) and Paranaíba (PA), with the lowest PIB; Chapadão South (CH) and Costa Rica (CO), with higher PIB a survey of tree species present in 30 blocks of each of these cities was done. Trees were identified and recorded information such as: plant health; planting site; pruning; trees under power lines, tree size, position on the sidewalk; origin; outer root condition and existence of sidewalks. Shannon’s diversity index and Pielou’s evenness index was calculated. To analyze the structural and floristic similarity, the Jaccard and Morisita’s indexes was employed. Found 3180 individuals belonging to 100 species of 40 families, with CA, CH, CO and PA had 838, 1130, 657 and 555 individuals respectively. Shannon’s index was 2.08 overall. Jaccard’s index was 45%, cities with higher PIB and a lower PIB were more similar to each other. Morisita’s similarity index showed structural similarity between cities, ranging between 0.82 and 0.99. About the position on the sidewalk, the cities with the highest PIB had a number of trees above and below expectations at the curb and center, respectively. Otherwise, cities with the lowest PIB showed opposite results. By ANOVA test, CA, CH and PA were different, CH showed an average number of trees significantly larger and PA, a smaller number. The cities with the highest PIB had a number of trees higher than expected for individuals without any conflict with sidewalks and below expectations for those who had some type of conflict. Already the cities with the lowest PIB showed opposite results. About the origin, the cities with the highest PIB had a number of exotic individuals above the expected, native from Brazil less than expected, since the native Cerrado had a higher number than expected. The cities with the lowest PIB showed opposite results. The most abundant species throughout the survey was Licania tomentosa (oiti), totaling 1879 individuals (59%), representing in CA, CH, CO and PA, 85%, 36%, 57% and 66% respectively. Exotic species totaled 68%, while 22% are native from Brazil and 4% are Cerrado’s native. Among the 3180 individuals found: 80% were planted in front of homes, 14% in other places, such as churches, schools, kindergartens, clinics, and other 6% in front of business establishment. Concerning the plant health, 81% of the total were in good condition, 17% in satisfactory condition, and 2% in poor condition, 44% are free and 56% are under the power lines, of which 10% had conflict. As for pruning, 75.4% of sampled trees exhibited correct pruning, 9.5% incorrect, 12% nonexistent and 2.6% radical. The cities with the highest PIB showed greater wealth than those with lower PIB, and greater arboreal suitability in various aspects. Moreover, there is excessive use of exotic species and not appropriate species, due the large size.
