PATRÍCIA TINOCO SANTOS
AUTHOR: PATRÍCIA TINOCO SANTOS
TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING OF CONSERVATION UNITS: CASE STUDY IN RIO CLARO WATER BASIN, GOIÁS. (PLANEJAMENTO AMBIENTAL DE UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO: ESTUDO DE CASO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO CLARO, GOIÁS.)
ADVISOR: Prof. Dr. Alécio Perini Martins
RESEARCH LINE: Organization, rural and urban space management of Brazilian Cerrado.
DEFENSE DATE: 04/06/2018
ABSTRACT:
The Rio Claro Basin (BHRC) is of great importance for the South Goiano mesoregion considering that through the distribution and spatial correlation of the elements that form the system of the said basin, the economy, survival and well-being of the current population depend of future generations. Potential areas for conservation in the basin region were sought through Conservation Units (UCs), based on geotechnologies and considering the geosystemic analysis of the region. An analysis based on landscape and spatial analysis was performed by the representation of land use and vegetation cover between 1985 and 2016, which detected the tendency of suppression of pasture and natural vegetation to the detriment of the expansion of cropland, which can cause processes of degradation of water resources, soil contamination, groundwater and consequently its tributaries. Such processes are caused by anthropic actions, which generate conflicts of interest regarding the use of water resources in the region, and must be constantly monitored due to the alteration of the biome and, consequently, interfering with the basin geosystem. The study of environmental vulnerability in the BHRC area provided the necessary technical basis to alert the government agencies and the community about the need and the possibility of implantation of PAs and ecological corridors for the preservation and conservation of the Cerrado biome. The use of land for agricultural purposes (78.2%), as well as its characterization as to geology, geomorphology, soils and climate, demonstrates the great potential of the region for such activities, however, such use has been generating degradation of the area due to practices. inadequate management. The soils in the BHRC area have high stability, and the tropical climate, which has high year-round temperature and low thermal amplitude, ensures high precipitation averages. Precipitation ensures the supply of river channels, however, also favor erosion in areas discovered by vegetation. The BHRC was characterized as intermediate, biased to vulnerable (44.1%). Greater vulnerabilities than those presented in the map results were detected in the field, due to the low vulnerability obtained in some themes such as climate and geomorphology. The most vulnerable areas are close to the main springs of the basin, and indicate the need for intensification of conservation actions in these areas and the implementation of specific policies for environmental control and monitoring. Finally, four potential areas were defined for the implementation of UCs in the BHRC, which fall into the sustainable use categories.
